For Napoleon, China was a giant best left sleep lest it shake the world. Now that it is rousing itself, what sort of power are we dealing with? Predatory or restrained? Economic or military? Responsible or inward-centered?

标准答案是将best left sleep 改为best left to sleep. 也就是leave sb to sth的被动形式。请教专家老师们,可否改为best left sleeping, 即leave sb doing sth. 由于中国之前是沉睡的巨人,目前仍是,最好让它维持沉睡的状况,我感觉leave sb doing sth 更符合实质状况。Leave sb to do sth 则表示之前没睡,目前让它去沉睡。所以best left sleeping 是不是更贴切呢?

谢谢专家老师们。


leave sb to sth这种结构表示 to goawayfrom aplaceandallowsomeone tocontinuedoingsomething there

leave someone to something:

I’ll leave you to yourcrosswordpuzzle.(《麦克米伦词典》)

以下为COCA语料库类似例句:

and thenleavehimtohis dreams.

andleavehimtohis mourning.

thanleavehimtohis own devices.

andleavehimtohis transgression.

Mostly Ileavehimtohis thoughts.

Gwyneth knew toleavehimtohis work.

Ileavehimtohis sandwich.

由词典解释及例句可知,leave sb to sth意为离开某处,让某人在该处继续做某事。做某事是由介词to后的名词间接表示出来的。从以上例句可以看出,介词to后的名词结构为物主代词+名词,或为the+名词+of 短语。

因此,答案给出的best left to sleep中的sleep并非介词+名词,而是不定式做宾补。


leave sb to do sth. 结构中,不定式的动作是leave这个谓语动词时间之后的将来的动作,即在leave这个动作发生的时候,不定式的动作还没发生。该结构的过去分词left to do sth作定语,可以改为定语从句:

China was a giant best left to sleep lest it....

=China was a giantwhich, it was best, had been left to sleep lest it...

也就是说,过去分词left为动态动词,既表示被动,也表示完成:left的动作是在谓语was a giant之前就已经发生并结束的被动动作。在谓语时间,the giant已经处于sleep的状况了。sleep用不定式,是由于相对动词leave而言,而不是相对于谓语was a giant而言。因此不需要目前分词。注意lest引导的目的状语从句修饰的是过去分词left, 而不是修饰谓语was a giant.